The causes of onychomycosisThe infection of feet nail plates occurs mainly in public baths, saunas, swimming pools. The scales with pathogenic mushrooms, which fall into onychomycosis patients, fall on floors, benches, bars, roads, carpets and litter. Under high humidity conditions, fungi can not only persist for a long time, but also multiply, especially on the benches and networks in non -painted wood, which makes it a source of infection.
Often, onychomycosis is transmitted inside the family when using general shoes, towels, flashes, insufficient bath treatment after washing, as well as carpets and networks in the bathroom. Hand nail damage generally occurs during the combing of households on the skin.The occurrence of onychomycosis is facilitated by nail trauma, in particular multiple (in athletes), alteration of blood supply of members, serious concomitant diseases (diabetes mellitus, immunodeficiency states, blood disease).Onychomycosis is often found in people who have long received antibacterial, corticosteroid and immunosuppressant treatment. The lesion of the nail plates occurs secondly: at the beginning, the fungi affect interdictal folds or the sole, then the nails. Three types of onychomycosis are distinguished worldwide:Normotorophic,hypertrophicAtrophic.With a smooth type of scar from onychomycosis, only the color of the nails changes: in their extreme departments, spots and scratches appear, whose color varies from one white to another. Gradually, the entire nail modifies the color, by maintaining, shines and normal thickness. With a hypertrophic type, the color changes, the nail loses its brilliance, becomes dull, thickens and deforms, partially destroyed, in particular on the sides. Often patients experience pain during walking. A typical nail fungus is characterized by a brownish-gray-gray coloring of the affected part of the nail, its slimming and rejection of the box; The bare area is covered with loose layers.We treat the fungusLocal antifungal agents are ineffective with damage to nail plates. Treatment with antifungal ointments, creams, solutions, varnishes must be preceded by the elimination of the affected area of the nail mechanically or using keratolytic plaster.Mechanical elimination consists in cutting or cutting with affected fragments of the nail plate.The use of keratolytic plaster in the treatment of onychomycosis allows you to soften the nail, as a result of which it eliminates easily and without pain from the surface of the nail bed with a dull scalpel or scissors.As a keratolytic agent, a drug is used, which includes an ointment containing 1% antifungal agent and 40% urea. The ointment is applied to the surface of the nail and covered with the adhesive and the bandage attached. After a day, the areas affected by onychomycosis are cleaned. The procedures are carried out daily until the affected nails are completely removed. In the future, as the affected nail is removed, those local are used: antifungal varnishes. During the first month of treatment, a drug is prescribed for 6 to 8 tablets per day (750-1000 mg), in the second dose every two days, then until the growth of healthy nail plates, 2 times a week. It is taken in 3 doses with a teaspoon of vegetable oil. The duration of brushes treatment The mycosis is 4 to 6 months, with a mycosis of the feet-9-12, and even 18 months.Treatment with preparation against fungus provides a remedy that in 40% of patients. A combination with the elimination of nails increases the percentage of healing. However, a large number of side effects, as well as a high percentage of relapse of the disease, limit its use.
For a successful and safe treatment of onychomycosis, it is advisable to respect certain rules with systemic antifungal drugs.First of all, the diagnosis must be reliable. The drug should not be prescribed if there is no laboratory confirmation.Once the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to carefully collect an allergic story. If at the same time, drugs or foods that cause allergic reactions or any other manifestation of intolerance are detected, their contribution must be excluded.For the treatment period with systemic anthycots, it is advisable to limit the use of other drugs, with the exception of vitality.Prevention and treatmentIn order to avoid gastrointestinal disorders, it is recommended to exclude products that cause flatulence from food during treatment: black bread, legumes, milk, cabbage.The selection of comfortable shoes is not unimportant during treatment and after completion. Often, an improvement in the affected nail statement is clearly correlated with the wearing of unspoiled shoes, because the pollination of the fabrics caused by shoes can cause exacerbation or distal to nail onychomycosis. Before starting the treatment, it is advisable to carry out a study of the indicators of the general and biochemical blood tests.The control exams must be carried out the first time after 2 weeks, then 1 time a month. Control microscopy - 6 months after the end of treatment. The identification of the mycelium of pathogenic fungi serves as an indication for a second treatment course with preliminary surgical disposal of affected nails.Prognosis for the treatment of onychomycosisDespite the high percentage of healing for onychomycosis patients when using therapeutic agents, therapy with these drugs does not exclude the use of local antifungal drugs. The combination with the conservative and surgical elimination of nail plates reduces time to take systemic anti-bactericidal agents and increases the effectiveness of treatment.
We treat the fungusLocal antifungal agents are ineffective with damage to nail plates. Treatment with antifungal ointments, creams, solutions, varnishes must be preceded by the elimination of the affected area of the nail mechanically or using keratolytic plaster.Mechanical elimination consists in cutting or cutting with affected fragments of the nail plate.The use of keratolytic plaster in the treatment of onychomycosis allows you to soften the nail, as a result of which it eliminates easily and without pain from the surface of the nail bed with a dull scalpel or scissors.As a keratolytic agent, a drug is used, which includes an ointment containing 1% antifungal agent and 40% urea. The ointment is applied to the surface of the nail and covered with the adhesive and the bandage attached. After a day, the areas affected by onychomycosis are cleaned. The procedures are carried out daily until the affected nails are completely removed. In the future, as the affected nail is removed, those local are used: antifungal varnishes. During the first month of treatment, a drug is prescribed for 6 to 8 tablets per day (750-1000 mg), in the second dose every two days, then until the growth of healthy nail plates, 2 times a week. It is taken in 3 doses with a teaspoon of vegetable oil. The duration of brushes treatment The mycosis is 4 to 6 months, with a mycosis of the feet-9-12, and even 18 months.Treatment with preparation against fungus provides a remedy that in 40% of patients. A combination with the elimination of nails increases the percentage of healing. However, a large number of side effects, as well as a high percentage of relapse of the disease, limit its use.For a successful and safe treatment of onychomycosis, it is advisable to respect certain rules with systemic antifungal drugs.First of all, the diagnosis must be reliable. The drug should not be prescribed if there is no laboratory confirmation.Once the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to carefully collect an allergic story. If at the same time, drugs or foods that cause allergic reactions or any other manifestation of intolerance are detected, their contribution must be excluded.For the treatment period with systemic anthycots, it is advisable to limit the use of other drugs, with the exception of vitality.Prevention and treatmentIn order to avoid gastrointestinal disorders, it is recommended to exclude products that cause flatulence from food during treatment: black bread, legumes, milk, cabbage.The selection of comfortable shoes is not unimportant during treatment and after completion. Often, an improvement in the affected nail statement is clearly correlated with the wearing of unspoiled shoes, because the pollination of the fabrics caused by shoes can cause exacerbation or distal to nail onychomycosis. Before starting the treatment, it is advisable to carry out a study of the indicators of the general and biochemical blood tests.The control exams must be carried out the first time after 2 weeks, then 1 time a month. Control microscopy - 6 months after the end of treatment. The identification of the mycelium of pathogenic fungi serves as an indication for a second treatment course with preliminary surgical disposal of affected nails.Prognosis for the treatment of onychomycosisDespite the high percentage of healing for onychomycosis patients when using therapeutic agents, therapy with these drugs does not exclude the use of local antifungal drugs. The combination with the conservative and surgical elimination of nail plates reduces time to take systemic anti-bactericidal agents and increases the effectiveness of treatment.